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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(1): 1-8, Jan.-Feb. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1088931

ABSTRACT

Bovine tuberculosis is a worldwide spread zoonotic disease. Intradermal tuberculinizations are the most used diagnostic tests in the world. Serological tests can be an ancillary diagnosis for bovine tuberculosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the ELISA Mycobacterium Bovis Antibody Test Kit IDEXX ™ in infected herds, which were in different disease control stages. One hundred and twenty animals from two dairy herds of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, were subjected to the ELISA serological test and the comparative cervical tuberculin test (CCT). Diagnostic test parameters were estimated using Bayesian latent class models and concordance between tests estimated by the frequentist approach. The ELISA test presented lower sensitivity than CCT in both herds. Its sensitivity was higher in the herd in sanitation process. Specificity estimates were above 95% in both herds. Kappa index indicated low concordance or even disagreement between tests. According to the results, the ELISA IDEXX should not be used as substitution for CCT. The tests must not be associated in series. Parallel association increased diagnostic sensitivity in the herd which was in the process of sanitation.(AU)


A tuberculose bovina é uma zoonose de distribuição mundial cujos testes mais utilizados para o diagnóstico são as tuberculinizações intradérmicas, simples e compartivas. Contudo, testes sorológicos podem constituir diagnósticos auxiliares. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho diagnóstico do teste ELISA Mycobacterium Bovis Antibody Test Kit IDEXX ® em rebanhos bovinos infectados, que se encontravam em diferentes estágios de controle da doença. Cento e vinte animais de dois rebanhos leiteiros provenientes do estado de Minas Geais-Brasil foram submetidos ao ELISA e à tuberculinização cervical compartiva (TCC). Avaliou-se o desempenho dos testes por meio de modelos Bayesianos de classe latente e a concordância entre os eles, por meio de estatística frequentista. Uma maior sensibilidade do teste foi observada no rebanho previamente tuberculinizado. Em ambos os rebanhos o TCC foi mais sensível que o ELISA. Especificidade acima de 95% foi encontrada em ambos os rebanhos. Foram observadas baixa concordância ou mesmo discordância entre os testes. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, o teste ELISA-IDEXX não deve ser utilizado em substituição à TCC, tampouco devem ser associados em série. Houve aumento da sensibilidade quando os testes foram associados em paralelo no rebanho que já se encontrava em processo de saneamento.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Tuberculosis, Bovine/diagnosis , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary , Communicable Disease Control/methods , Diagnostic Test Approval
2.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 66(3): 737-744, 06/2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-718062

ABSTRACT

A infecção do sítio cirúrgico (ISC) apresenta-se como um complicador que possui muitos fatores de risco associados, e a maior parte das informações utilizadas nessa área pela medicina veterinária provém da medicina humana. Objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar a taxa de ISC no HVT-UFV, assim como correlacionar sua incidência com os seguintes fatores de risco: quantidade de pessoas presentes durante a cirurgia, classificação do potencial de contaminação da ferida cirúrgica e utilização de antimicrobiano profilático e ou terapêutico. Para isso, foram colhidas informações sobre a ocorrência de ISC, bem como os fatores de risco citados de 401 prontuários. Esses dados passaram por análise estatística, e foram obtidos os seguintes resultados: 21 pacientes diagnosticados com ISC, o que gerou uma taxa de infecção de 5,24 por cento e associação entre incidência de ISC e cirurgias com risco de contaminação maior que 5 por cento. Os demais fatores de risco avaliados não apresentaram associação, porém, em valores absolutos, foi detectada maior ocorrência de infecção nos procedimentos com maior quantidade de pessoas na sala de cirurgia. Portanto, foi possível observar a importância da obtenção fidedigna de dados e a necessidade do desenvolvimento de um sistema de vigilância epidemiológica voltado para a medicina veterinária...


The surgical site infection (SSI) is a complicating factor that has many risk factors, and most of the information used in this area for veterinary medicine comes from human medicine. The aim of this work was to determine the rate of SSI in the VTH-UFV, and to correlate the incidence of SSI with the following risk factors: surgical wound classification, use of antimicrobial prophylaxis, and therapy and the number of people in the operating room during surgery. For that, information about the occurrence of SSI and the risk factors referred to were collected from 401 medical records. These data underwent statistical analysis and obtained the following results: 21 patients diagnosed with SSI resulting in an infection rate of 5.24 percent and a significant association between the occurrence of SSI and the surgical procedures with contamination risk higher than 5 percent. Other risk factors evaluated showed no association. However, in absolute values, a higher incidence of infection was detected in procedures with a greater number of people in the operating room. Therefore, it was possible to observe the importance of obtaining reliable data and the requirement for developing a surveillance system specific for Veterinary Medicine...


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Dogs , Cross Infection/veterinary , Surgical Wound Infection/veterinary , Risk Factors , Surgery, Veterinary , Infection Control , Cross Infection/etiology
3.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 43(11): 1042-1046, Nov. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-564130

ABSTRACT

We determined the effects of exercise training and detraining on the morphological and mechanical properties of left ventricular myocytes in 4-month-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) randomly divided into the following groups: sedentary for 8 weeks (SED-8), sedentary for 12 weeks (SED-12), treadmill-running trained for 8 weeks (TRA, 16 m/min, 60 min/day, 5 days/week), and treadmill-running trained for 8 weeks followed by 4 weeks of detraining (DET). At sacrifice, left ventricular myocytes were isolated enzymatically, and resting cell length, width, and cell shortening after stimulation at a frequency of 1 Hz (~25°C) were measured. Cell length was greater in TRA than in SED-8 (161.30 ± 1.01 vs 156.10 ± 1.02 μm, P < 0.05, 667 vs 618 cells, respectively) and remained larger after detraining. Cell width and volume were unaffected by either exercise training or detraining. Cell length to width ratio was higher in TRA than in SED-8 (8.50 ± 0.08 vs 8.22 ± 0.10, P < 0.05) and was maintained after detraining. Exercise training did not affect cell shortening, which was unchanged with detraining. TRA cells exhibited higher maximum velocity of shortening than SED-8 (102.01 ± 4.50 vs 82.01 ± 5.30 μm/s, P < 0.05, 70 cells per group), with almost complete regression after detraining. The maximum velocity of relengthening was higher in TRA cells than in SED-8 (88.20 ± 4.01 vs70.01 ± 4.80 μm/s, P < 0.05), returning to sedentary values with detraining. Therefore, exercise training affected left ventricle remodeling in SHR towards eccentric hypertrophy, which remained after detraining. It also improved single left ventricular myocyte contractile function, which was reversed by detraining.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Myocardial Contraction/physiology , Myocytes, Cardiac/physiology , Physical Conditioning, Animal , Ventricular Remodeling/physiology , Blood Pressure/physiology , Cardiovascular Deconditioning/physiology , Rats, Inbred SHR , Ventricular Function, Left/physiology
4.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 60(3): 641-650, jun. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-487909

ABSTRACT

Foram utilizados 25 ratos (Rattus novergicus) submetidos a trauma experimental da medula espinhal, empregando-se aparelho estereotáxico com um peso de 50,5g comprimindo a duramáter durante cinco minutos. Após o trauma, os animais foram divididos em cinco grupos de cinco. O grupo A (controle) recebeu placebo oito horas após o trauma; os grupos B, C, D e E receberam prednisona oito, 24, 48 e 120 horas após o trauma, respectivamente. A prednisona foi administrada na dose inicial de 2mg/kg, durante cinco dias, com diminuição progressiva até o 26º dia. Os animais foram avaliados conforme a capacidade motora, posicionamento proprioceptivo, reflexo de localização, plano inclinado e sensibilidade dolorosa. Após 33 dias da cirurgia, foram sacrificados para avaliação histológica das medulas espinhais. Observaram-se degeneração das raízes nervosas, necrose medular, inflamação local e reação glial, sem diferenças entre os grupos. Não houve correlação entre os testes neurológicos. A utilização da prednisona na lesão medular aguda não teve efeito diferenciado com o tempo e não foi prejudicial na recuperação neurológica, mesmo quando utilizada tardiamente.


Twent-five rats (Rattus novergicus) were submitted to an experimental spinal cord injury by using a 50.5g stereotaxic equipament to apply pressure on the duramater during five minutes. After the spinal cord injury, the animals were randomly distributed into five groups of five animals each: one group received placebo 8 hours after injury and the remaining four groups received prednisone at 8, 24, 48, and 120 hours after injury. Prednisone was applied at 2mg/kg dosage during five days and progressively reduced until the 26th day. Animals were evaluated by motor capacity, proprioceptive positioning, locating reflex, inclined plan, and sensibility to pain. The animals were sacrificed 33 days after surgery for histological study of the spinal cords that revealed degeneration of the rootlets, necrosis, inflammatory foci, and reactive gliosis, with no significant differences among the treated groups. The administration of high dosages of prednisone to animals with acute spinal cord injury had no deleterious effects on neurological recovery, even when used late.


Subject(s)
Animals , Models, Animal , Prednisone/adverse effects , Rats , Spinal Cord Injuries/veterinary
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